Locating Places on Earth - Class 6 Chapter 1 Summary

✍      Understanding how to locate places on Earth  is fun and important!In this chapter,we learn about the Globe,Maps,Latitudes,Longitudes, and how we find the position of any place using them.

Let's explore the summary and key points of NCERT class 6  Social Science Chapter 1  

✍Key Points/ Summary

• 🌐What is Globe?
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• A globe is a small model of the Earth.
• It shows continents ,oceans ,countries ,and important lines.
• Which is useful to understand shape and size of the earth.

🗺  What is Maps and types of Maps?

• Map is a representation or drawing  of an area of the earth on a  flat surface whether small or large - say  of a district or village or large area like india or even world at a specific scale.
• It is a two dimensional drawing of the earth.

  Types of Maps.

• Physical Maps : which mainly show some natural features such as mountains ,oceans and rivers.
• Political Maps : which shows details of countries or states ,boundaries ,cities  etc.
• Thematic Maps: It provide detailed information on specific topics such as rainfall ,forest ,minerals ,roads ,industries and population density.

There are  three important components of Maps - Distance, Direction, Symbol.

Cardinal directions or Cardinal points of Maps are (clockwise direction) North,East,South,West.

Intermediate directions  are also used - northeast(NE),Southeast(SE),Southwest(SW),Northwest(NW)

Mapping The Earth

Equator is a imaginary line that divides earth into northern and southern hemisphers.

Latitude : Lines of latitude (also called parallels) are imaginary lines that circle Earth’s surface, running east and west parallel to the Equator

Longitute : Lines of longitude (also called meridians) run between the geographic North Pole and the geographic South Pole and are used to measure distances from the prime meridian. Both latitude and longitude are measured in degrees (°).Prime meridian divides the earth in to western and eastern hemisphers.

📍Important Latitudes:

• Equator (0°) - Divides Earth into Northern & Southern Hemispheres
• Tropic of  Cancer (23½°N)
• Tropic of Capricorn(23½°S)
• Arctic Circle(66½°N)
• Antartic Circle(66½°S)

📍Important Longitudes:

• Prime Meridian (0° Longitude)
• International date Line (180° Longitude)

📍 Grid System:

• Latitudes (horizontal lines) + Longitudes (vertical lines) = Grid
• The  grid helps in locating any place on earth exactly.

🕔 Time and Longitude:

• Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours - 15° per hour
• India follows IST (Indian Standard Time) - based on 82½°E